single-layer antireflection coating wavelength reflected light cancellation

One thin coating can cancel reflected light

An antireflection coating can make light reflected from its top and bottom surfaces cancel itself out. A single layer works best near one wavelength, so reducing reflections across many wavelengths requires several layers.

Civil War records helped lead to punch-card computing

Work on U.S. Civil War medical and population records helped John Shaw Billings think about turning facts into numbers that machines could sort. His assistant Herman Hollerith later developed punch-card machines. Punch cards dominated large-scale data processing for decades, and Hollerith's company eventually became part of IBM.

Jellyfish can release free-stinging cell balls

When triggered, the jellyfish Cassiopea xamachana releases tiny balls of cells that move on their own. They can sting anything they encounter, even when they are away from the jellyfish.

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single-layer antireflection coating wavelength reflected light cancellation

One thin coating can cancel reflected light

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