supervolcano eruption ash sulfur global cooling

A supervolcano can cool the planet for years

A huge volcanic eruption can destroy areas across a continent. It can also throw enormous amounts of ash and sulfur compounds high into the atmosphere, where they block some sunlight and can cool the planet for years.

A giant black hole can have the average density of water

≈ density of water

A black hole can contain an enormous mass while having a surprisingly low average density inside its event-horizon-sized region. For a black hole with 100 million times the Sun's mass, that average density is roughly similar to water.

A high-altitude gene variant spread quickly among Tibetans

≈3,000 years

Over roughly 3,000 years, a gene variant that helps people live at high altitude became very common among Tibetans. It is an example of how quickly natural selection can change a human population when the environment strongly favors a trait.

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supervolcano eruption ash sulfur global cooling

A supervolcano can cool the planet for years

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