steam engines deep coal mines Britain Industrial Revolution

Steam engines let British miners reach deeper coal

Deep coal mines often filled with groundwater. Steam-powered pumps removed the water, allowing miners to dig deeper and reach coal that had previously been inaccessible. That extra coal then helped power Britain's Industrial Revolution.

The Gateway Arch's tram cars tilt to stay level inside its curved legs

Visitors traveling to the top of St. Louis's Gateway Arch ride in small enclosed tram compartments. Because the track curves as it climbs, the cars use a leveling mechanism to keep passengers upright. The unusual system combines features of an elevator and a Ferris wheel to follow a structure that is neither straight nor vertical.

Trench warfare made realism seem inadequate

The strange and extreme experience of trench warfare during World War I made conventional realistic art seem unable to show what people were experiencing. An idea once held by a minority became much more widely accepted.

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steam engines deep coal mines Britain Industrial Revolution

Steam engines let British miners reach deeper coal

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