human shoulder adaptation toolmaking throwing ability

Changes that helped toolmaking may also have improved throwing

As human ancestors became less adapted for climbing and better at making tools, their shoulders and arms changed. Some of those same changes also allowed faster, stronger, and more accurate throwing. Better throwing may therefore have grown partly from adaptations that first served other purposes.

Refrigeration let food come from farther away

By slowing spoilage, refrigeration made it possible to move meat, seafood, fruit, and vegetables over much longer distances. Food could come from fewer and more distant farms and fisheries while consumers gained access to a wider variety of products.

Complex animals existed before the Cambrian explosion

Large and varied organisms lived before the Cambrian explosion, and some fossils preserve tracks showing that animals could move. The Cambrian explosion therefore looks less like the sudden beginning of complex animal life and more like a later period when existing animal groups spread and changed especially quickly.

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human shoulder adaptation toolmaking throwing ability

Changes that helped toolmaking may also have improved throwing

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