electricity supply storage distributed generation vulnerability

Electricity usually has to be produced as it is being used

Fuel can sit in a tank until it is needed. Electricity is different: the power grid normally has to produce almost exactly as much electricity as people are using at that moment. Batteries and other storage can reduce this problem.

Simple survivors made recovery after a mass extinction look faster than it was

After the Permian–Triassic mass extinction, a few tough kinds of life spread quickly. This made recovery look fast, but complex ecosystems took much longer to return. Research places the start of broader recovery around four to six million years later, with some estimates putting full recovery as late as 30 million years afterward.

Most major animal body types appear in a short burst of the fossil record

~10 million years

During the Cambrian explosion, most major kinds of modern animal body plans appeared in the fossil record within roughly 10 million years. That sounds long, but it is a short period compared with Earth's billions of years of life.

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electricity supply storage distributed generation vulnerability

Electricity usually has to be produced as it is being used

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